断奶乳猪饲养新理念

作者： admin

发布于： 2022-05-20 14:14

分类：研究动态

Challenging Swine Dogma By: JamiePietig, Senior Swine Nutritionist, Hubbard Feeds

December 8, 2021

我们要有一个开放的、不断探寻的思想，即使有时会承担一定（可计算的）风险。这对营养师和饲料技术人员来说不是一件容易的事，因为我们不想冒着降低客户生产性能的风险。结果，我们坚定的坚持老路，持守传统的理念。然而，有时候，前进的第一步就是放下我们认为我们早就知道的知识。通过哈博饲料大量的研究，以及与客户的密切合作的工作，我们开始有了一个更好的理解，怎样去生产更强壮、更健康、经济效率更高的猪。

An open and curious mind is an asset worth having, even if it sometimesleads to taking more (calculated) risks. This isn’t easy for nutritionists andfeed specialists, because we don’t want to risk poor performance for ourcustomers. As a result, we instinctually retreat to the old ways or towardconventional wisdom. However, oftentimes, the first step toward progress isunlearning what we thought we already knew. Through Hubbard Feeds’ extensiveswine research program, and by working in close association with our customers,we are beginning to get a better understanding of the next steps in producingstronger, healthier, more efficient pigs.

过去的四年，哈博的一些项目研究结果对保育猪饲养的传统做法提出了挑战。这篇文章重点强调了四个特别理念，通过反复验证，可能不再认同传统的教条。

Over the past four years, the Hubbard research program has beenchallenging some of the commonly accepted practices for feeding young pigs. Inthis article, I would like to highlight four specific concepts that, whenexamined closely, may no longer merit the dogmatic status they once held.

错误理念1，健康和饲料无关

健康很难衡量，很难得到一致的试验结果，但不意味着饲料对健康真的没有影响。我们做过很多试验，不同的饲料对健康的影响做了评估。要理解饲料确切是怎样影响健康是很难的，包括对疾病程度的影响、对病原微生物的影响。然而，忽略了饲料对健康的潜在影响是错误的。

Concept #1: Heath is not influenced by feed.

Yes, health is hard to measure and yields inconsistent results, but thatdoes not mean that feed has no real effects on animal health. We have conductedmany trials in which different feed treatments were measured based on theireffects on animal health. Developing an understanding of exactly how feedsaffect health — including via varying degrees of illness and multitudes ofpathogens — is difficult, to say the least. However, disregarding feedcompletely as a potential health influencer would be a mistake.

错误理念2，病猪需要更高营养水平的饲料

以为给病猪营养水平更高的饲料就可以让猪长得更快，结果却是让掉队的猪更多，死亡损失更大。在哈博试验猪场针对不健康的猪群的试验表明，断奶后前三周不应该追求最快的生长速度。设计一个降低死亡率的饲料方案，即使这样会让猪长得慢一点，可能也是一个更好的做法。

Concept #2: Sick pigs need more complex and nutrient-dense feed.

Could prodding sick pigs into unreasonable growth rates by providing themwith nutrient-dense feed actually increase fallout and losses from death?Recent nursery trials at the Hubbard research test farms studying unhealthyflows of pigs have illustrated that maximal growth in the first three weeksafter weaning may not be a goal worth achieving. Instead, a feed programdesigned to decrease mortality — even if that means slower gains — may be abetter approach.

错误理念3，早期断奶保育料需要分成多个阶段

通过精确控制的试验研究，以及猪场的实际饲养数据，都一致、反复证明，13-25磅（约6-12公斤）的保育猪饲喂一种饲料和饲喂2-3种不同阶段的饲料效果一样，饲喂更简单。

Concept #3: Early nursery feed should be delivered in multiple phases.

Through controlled research and on-farm closeouts, Powerstart®Solo has consistently and repeatedly proven that utilizing onefeed formula from 13 to 25 pounds of body weight can provide similar or evenbetter results — and with easier implementation — than the two or three phasesthat nursery programs usually use to feed in a similar weight range.

错误理念4，我们知道保育猪的饲料需要

哈博猪技术团队在研究一个低能量、高纤维的副产品原料在早期保育料中的使用时，得到一个让人眼前一亮的新发现。我们的能量蛋白公式没有预料到最终观察到的结果。重复的试验确认了一个信息：断奶猪饲喂较高纤维、较低能量、更低成本的饲料可以长得很好。我们的研究项目专注于持续提升对原料和营养机会的理解，来帮您提升猪的生长性能、健康、和养猪利润。

Concept #4: We know the feed requirements for nursery pigs.

The Hubbard swine technical team was recently enlightened when conductinga trial series studying low-energy, high-fiber byproducts in early nurserydiets. Our energy and protein equations simply could not predict the resultsthat we eventually observed. Repeated trials were conducted to confirm thatthere is new information about feeding pigs — namely, that weaned pigs can growwell on higher-fiber, lower-energy and lower-cost diets. Our research programis focused on the continuous growth of our understanding of ingredient andnutrient opportunities to improve the performance, health and profitability ofyour pigs.

题后话：

总结以上4点，饲料对保育猪的健康是很重要的。断奶乳猪的健康比生长速度更重要。一个简单的低成本保育料，设计的好，可以达到很好的效果。

我们在设计教保料的时候，常常存在这样一个误区：高成本的原料很舍得用，却忽视了饲料的健康功效，在肠道健康添加剂的使用上舍不得投入。

教保料不拉稀很重要。不拉稀也是长得快的基础。使用很贵的原料，如鱼粉等，并不能达到抗拉稀的效果。

教保料抗拉稀的简单做法：

1、添加单宝（无涩味单宁），以补充氧化锌用量的不足。

2、酸化剂使用高效杀菌型的，可肥酸50（肠溶苯甲酸）。

3、用赛金素达到抗生素的效果。

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断奶乳猪饲养新理念

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